STEP 11: The CNC Controller options - Hambrew

The CNC controller is the brain of a CNC system. A controller completes the all important link between a computer system and the mechanical components of a CNC machine. The controller's primary task is to receive conditioned signals from a computer or indexer and interpret those signals into mechanical motion through motor output. There are several components that make up a controller and each component works in unison to produce the desired motor movement.

The word “controller” is a generic term that may refer to one of several devices, but usually refers to the complete machine control system. This system may include the protection circuitry, stepper or servo motor drivers, power source, limit switch interfaces, power controls, and other peripherals. Owners, operators, designers, and builders of CNC devices should understand the tasks performed by these components and how they affect machine performance.

The following sections will discuss the primary task of each component in the controller and how they work together to create a complete CNC system.

CNC Controller Sections

This section covers the history of controllers and where they have advanced to today.

This section covers the components that make up a CNC controller system and how they work together to control the machine.

This section covers the difference between open and closed loop CNC systems

This section covers how the control signals used by a controller system to operate

This section covers the function of a breakout board and how it integrated into a CNC system.

Stepper Motor Drivers

This section covers stepper motor control. The different types of stepper motor drivers will be compared.

This Section covers the differences between uni-polar and bipolar stepper motor drivers.

This Section covers the different step modes such as Full, Half, and Microstepping.

This section covers the features to look for when buying stepper motor driver.

This section covers servo motor control. The different types of servo motor drivers will be compared.

This section covers enclosures for your controller hardware. Often overlooked, the enclosure is an important part. Bad enclosures can cause overheating or shorts due to debris.

This section covers generic controller prices. What you should expect to pay and also some tips for saving money.

This section list a few good resources for buy controller parts and kits.

This section covers the power supply. Choosing the right power source is crucial for proper machine function. 

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